Orbital First — 2 museum-grade prints that set the mood. John Glenn became the first American to orbit Earth on Mercury-Atlas 6, completing three revolutions on 20 February 1962. The mission confirmed capsule attitude control, reentry procedures, and recovery operations for the Mercury program that bridged suborbital hops to Gemini rendezvous. Sputnik 1 was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth, launched 4 October 1957 from Baikonur on the R-7 rocket. Its radio beacon — heard worldwide on 20 MHz and 40 MHz — announced the Space Age and triggered the Space Race that reshaped Cold War science funding, education policy, and military space programmes.